John emory meek



(MMM) J. E. MBBK.

ELECTRIC HEATER. I No. 567,248. Patented- Sept. 8, 1896.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JOHN EMORY MEEK, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE I'I. WV. JOHNSMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 567,248, datedSeptember 8, 1896.

Application led January '7, 1396. Serial No. 574,598. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN EMOEY MEEK, a

citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric I-Ieaters, (Case B 5) and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.-

My invention relates to heaters for converting electric energy into heatfor the purpose of warming apartments in general, and more especially isdesigned to provide a convenient form of heater to be placed under theseats of street-cars of the type in which the said seats are placedcrosswise of the car. The form of electric heaters heretofore in generaluse has been so complicated or bulky that the question of division so asto place one under each cross-seat in a car has been one of somepracticable difficulty. To avoid this and produce a heater which shallbe light, compact, and capable of such arrangement, I have designed theform illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is aplan view of my heater with a portion of the casing removed. Fig. 2 is across-section on line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line 33 of Fig. l. t Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of myheater with parts broken away. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on line 5 5 ofFig. 4. Fig 6, is a cross-section on line G 6 of Fig. 4.

The essential feature of my invention consists of a woven fabric ofasbestos or similar incombustible and insulating ber which has anelectric conductor embedded in the woofthread thereof throughout certainsections, the intermediate portion of the fabric having the conductoromitted from such Woof-thread and the fabric being bent into one or morefolds along these lines where the conductor has been so omitted. Thisforms a compact but effective heater which can be easily placed in alight sheet-iron casing.

Throughout the drawings, like referenceigures refer to like parts.

1 is the inclosing frame or case of the heater,

` which may be made of light sheet-iron or wire or some other metalconstruction.

2 generally is the woven fabric of asbestos fiber, which is bent intoseveral folds 2f 2b 2. These folds are kept at proper distances one fromthe other and given additional insulation one from the other by theinterposing strips 3, which may be of asbestos millboard or hard fiberor other insulating material.

4 4 are little knobs or projections on the frame l, and serving as meansof lifting the same slightly from the floor when the heater is placedupon the same.

5 5 are the terminals of one section of the electrical conductorembedded in the woofthread of one of the folds of the heater. This wireor other electric conductor is omitted from the Woof-thread of thefabric along the lines 6 6, on which the folding of the fabric occurs,and, if desired, a portion of such fabric may be cut away along saidlines of folding, as is shown in Fig. 5.

7 is a bolt, and 8 is a nut coacting therewith, to hold the variousparts of the metal shell l together, as shown in Fig. 5.

9 is a layer of asbestos millboard or other insulating material placedinside of the heatershell and on which the lower part of the heaterrests.

10 lO are air-spaces left between the folds of the fabric.

11 is a piece of hard fiber or other insulating substance, in which thebinding-screws 12 12 for the electric connections are mounted. Thefabric containing the electrical conductor is treated with any propersize or material for stiffening the same and rendering the liberwaterproof before the said fabric is bent into the folds shown. Thesubstance which I have used for this apparatus is what is known as japanThe various sections, electrically supported one from the other, formedby the folds and arrangement ofthe conductors above described, may beconnected together at their terminals 5 5 in series or in multiple arc,as is preferred. I prefer, however, to connect corresponding sections ofthe different heaters placed under the various seats of the carinseries, so that the heating-current may be sent through the bottom IOOtold of each heater in the ear, or through the bottom fold and the one'next to it in eaeh heater, and. so on. ln this way an eqnabledistribution of the heat, whether the saine is great or small, is prodneed.

The method ot' operation of the invention is ot' con rse clear trom theforegoingI description. Theheaters are placed under the seats, and maybe loose or fastened. The terminals of the electrical conductors areconnected n p, as may be desired, and thrown into eirenit with thecurrent vfrom the so'nrce of supply to the earinoto1n llavin`there't'ore described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire toprotect by Letters Patent, is

l. An electric ear-heater which consists ot a woven fabric oi. asbestos,or similar ineembnstible and insulatingl `fiber, with an electricconductor embedded in the woot of the fabric, the said fabric. beingfolded upon itselt' one omission of the conductor t'roin the thread ot'the woot. along and adjacent to the line oli' each told, substantiallyas described.

in testimonyv whereoil I affix my signature in presence ot' twowitnesses.

JOHN EMORY )l llfllx'.

lYitnesses:

A. PARKER SMITH, i?. S. Hmmm.

